One-page table shows average charges for residential electricity each year from 1924-1934, for cities over 50,000 in population. The legislature rejected all proposals for reform, however. Children's: During the 1910s and 1920s, minimum wage laws were adopted by a handful of states and generally applied only to women and children. Farm laborers in Missouri earned an average $41.90/month in 1921. Tables 6-13 show farm land prices by county in IA, MN, ND, ID, OH, KY, NC and TX. COST OF LIVING Montgomery Ward catalog shows prices of radios and radio supplies on 60+ pages. Source: BLS, Shows the cost of foodstuffs, clothing, and other necessities in Hungary. Source: BLS. by OCCUPATION Shows wages for common and semi-skilled workers in manufacturing and construction industries, in baking, agriculture, metal and printing trades. Totals are shown in Canadian dollars. Wages are shown in Italian lire. Owners claimed property rights and managerial entitlements over the workplace. Read more Employment in coal mining industry in the United Kingdom (UK) 1920-2021 . A good blast could bring down a ton or more of coal from the fractured face. Wages shown in 1930 US dollars. Compares 1927 and 1913 earnings. April 26, 1942. Wages are shown in both German marks and contemporary U.S. dollars. Source: BLS, Shows the cost of foodstuffs and other necessities in Greece. View object record Steam whistle With industrialization, workers lost control of when to start, eat, and end their day. Source: 1934 Statistical Abstract of the United States. The craftiness and deftness of the best colliers was most evident when they performed the riskiest task of all. Tomorrow night at 9pm PBSs American Experience will broadcast The Mine Wars, based on the book. An increase in annual vacation pay was also stipulated.Wage Chronology: Bituminous . Source: Table shows 52 years of time-series prices on individual foods, such as. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review, July 1930. "In this region, I presume that a fee of $200 would be a pretty fair estimate of the surgeon's charge for operation and the after-treatment there would be between the operation and the death of the patient." Also tells pay for court clerks and marshals. Covers New York City, New Jersey towns, Fall River MA, Cleveland, Chicago, Dallas, San Francisco and Portland OR. by RACE It may be necessary to read the chapters pertaining to the country, but you can find the actual minimum wages in the discussion. See also "C" tab above for carpenters, cement workers, etc. Wages are listed in Mexican currency with exchange rate for calculating amounts in U.S. dollars. Source: Missouri State Dept of Agriculture. Wages are shown in contemporary U.S. dollars. Wages are shown in Spanish pesetas. As former miner Gary Bentley of Kentucky remarked in a recent New York Times article, Its not going to make a comeback. Describes the labor policy of Canada in the 1920's and throughout the rest of the early 20th century. Dollars. University of Missouri, Columbia This website does a good job of organizing a complex topic. No. Firedamp, described as the monster most dreaded by the practical miner, could explode if ignited by sparks or powder blasts, which would send fires raging through mine shafts with hurricane force. Average earnings by occupation and districts. Source: Shows wages, hours and earnings for mechanics, pipe fitters, welders, tinsmiths derrick men, drillers, firemen, engineers and more. Source: BLS Bulletin no. In 1928, halfof all families had a combined family income of $2000 or less. A mail order catalog for the Fall/Winter season, 1920-1921. Shows pay for those involved in "1st class New York City productions" including actors of various levels (from chorus to leads) as well as directors, designers, scene painters, stage hands, etc. Shows the average retail prices of staple foodstuffs in Sao Paulo, Brazil. 358, Average hours and earnings by occupation and district. The industry has been in slow decline ever since, compounded along the way by the rise of steam engines, mechanized extraction methods, and competition from oil and natural gas, and now renewable energy. Compares average retail prices for grocery items in independent stores and in chain stores. Bedroom: Check the, Shows the daily rate of Utah coal mining workers in a variety of jobs and occupations. All of these mines included a main entry, or portal, and a second tunnel, or monkey drift, which provided workers with ventilationa barely adequate suction through a surface grate created by a coal fire that burned all day. Source: BLS, Shows the average daily wages of day laborers, farm hands, clerks, bookkeepers, government employees, and army members in Lithuania. Source: BLS. Shows wages and prices in kronen, along with the exchange rate to translate into U.S. dollars. The lack of market for coal during the depression had stepped in to push aside both miners and operators as principals in collective bargaining. Shows wages by occupation grouped by industries, with breakouts for males and females. Shows the daily wages of various common and low-skill occupations like building laborers, canners, and rice mill workers throughout the state. The study pays particular attention to women who made less than the average wage. Shows forty pages of incomedata with numerous breakouts. Miners would lie on their backs and use a pick to undercut the coal. Link navigates to a record containing multiple years worth of this publication. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review, Dec 1920 Many of the reports can be found in. Source: U.S. Congressional Serial Set Vol. Also shows rowboat and pack horse rental rates, cost for guided tours, and transportation fares. Workers focused on the pace of work, safety, and wages. Coal mining jobs - Hours and earnings, 1919-1933; Coal mining wages by state, 1923 Source: Miners' wages and the cost of coal: an inquiry into the wages system., pp. Click "more" for direct links to wages in each occupation. 297. Source: U.S. BLS Bulletin #682, chapter 9: "Monthly earnings of professional engineers," pp. West Virginias drift mines were cut into the mountains horizontally and its slope mines descended gradually into the earth. Wages are shown in Brazilian milreis and contemporary US dollars. Priced by the single unit. A man sometimes had to get down on his hands and knees, with his left shoulder, well padded, against the car, bracing himself with his toes against the ties and the dirt of the floor, wrote a former miner, while his partner controlled the brakes to keep the car from rolling back on the pusher if he slipped or grew tired. Back injuries, broken legs, and severed feet and fingers were common. Discussion puts wage data in context with price levels which were definitely affected by the wars. Source: BLS. Most of their houses had images of union president John L. Lewis, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and Jesus. Source: Includes district-specific information and the average output of coal per person per shift. The union was very important to miners. Occupations wages shown in 1930 US dollars. House paints, paint brushes, doors & windows, wrench sets, home improvement tools, steel safes, fencing, garden tools, wrenches & other assorted tools, water pumps, plows, milk cans, gasoline-powered generators. Some picked slate and other debris out of the coal on fast-moving conveyor belts. After checking in, they climbed up a steep trail from the office to the portal of a mine. Managers liked immigrants because they worked for low wages. Indicates prices per kilowatt-hour by areas and cities. Tables are broken down by occupation, sex, and state. Manufacturing wages -- SEE box further below. West Virginias mine safety laws were the weakest in the nation. Shows price list of one California retailer. TRANSPORTATION Source: BLS, Shows the daily wages of masons, carpenters, stonecutters, painters, shoemakers, and tailors in each of the provincial capitals of Spain. Red Ash mine was also the location of a disaster in 1900, which killed forty-six miners. Data gathered by the National Industrial Conference Board (a group of industry associations) which used European government publications for information. The following is from James Greens The Devil is Here in These Hills. Report published in 1921 tells wages for women working in offices, in meat and poultry packing, restaurants, food manufacturing, clothing manufacturing, laundries, and more. In the US, coal mining is a shrinking industry. Source: BLS. 8836. 613. Corn visited coal mines and mountain communities from Virginia to Tennessee, photographing the working and domestic lives of miner families and their struggles with low wages, unsafe working conditions, and black lung disease. Coal companies also recruited in Europe. Kitchen: Source: BLS, Shows the daily wages and hours of workers in 4 different industries in Madrid. For example, the 1920 volume gives rates in Ohio and Minnesota, Illinois and Indiana, and more. Source: Historical chart shows salaries of members of the U.S. Congress, along with dates of enactment and statutory authority for each pay increase. Source: BLS, Shows the cost of various foodstuffs in the Riga markets. By 1850, approximately half of Kanawha Countys slaves worked in the salt industrymany mined coal to fuel the furnaces. Covers the states of NH, VT, MA, CT, KY, SC, AL, MO, KS, IA and OH. After workers had advanced the mine face to the end of the seam, veterans began the dangerous work of removing the massive coal pillars that stood between the rooms and helped support the mine top. Covers more than 1,200 cities. Managers worried about competition, costs, and controlling workers who spoke multiple languages and labored out of view. At suppertime, youngsters like Frank would sit with the men on a pile of slate and listen as veterans of the mine would sing songs, spin yarns, and tell jokes; they would rib the boys, trick them for laughs, and tell them tall tales of the devilish apparitions that appeared to them down in the hole. Miners would lie on their backs and use a pick to undercut the coal. Wages are shown in Sweden kronor. Coal diggers gave up some of their hard-earned pay to aid fellow miners when they were sick or injured, and when a mine exploded, they risked their lives to rescue the survivors trapped inside. Under other circumstances, mine tops fell without warning. Regardless of what their state government might or might not do to protect them, the miners of West Virginia had to rely on themselves and their buddies, rather than on company fire bosses and state mine inspectors, whose numbers were few and whose visits were infrequent. Wages for workers engaged in the manufacture of iron and steel goods, machinery, railway rolling stock, boilers, vehicles, aircraft, electrical apparatus, scientific instruments and more. BookTok is Good, Actually: On the Undersung Joys of a Vast and Multifarious Platform, Seven Crime Novels Centered Around Musicians Out in 2023, Arlington Road: The Conspiracy Thriller That Foresaw the Spread of Far-Right Extremism in America, If you want to laugh, watch this Mitchell and Webb sketch about inviting Shaggy and Scooby Doo to a party, Uncrackable: 5 Films Featuring Devilishly Difficult Heists. Shows the average weekly wages for a variety of occupations and industries in New Zealand. Most trapper boys learned how to overcome their fears by watching and listening to the colliers who went underground with them. Source: BLS, Shows wages of various industrial and agricultural gender, in both Romanian leu and contemporary U.S. dollars. 484. Broken out by men's and women's jobs. Source: U.S. Congressional Serial Set vol. Lists wages paid to auto mechanics, office workers, window cleaners, barbers and hairdressers, bartenders in saloons, domestic servants, people working in social agencies, and more. Chart indicates hourly earnings ranges for piecework at automobile manufacturing companies in Germany. In the late 1800s mining was rough physical labor. The wage data is broken out by sex. Before the 1920s most miners were independent contractors. Between 12th and 14th Streets Source: Lists prices of typical food items, housing expenses, clothing, fuel, light and more. His salary was paid entirely by coal companies. Eventually, his sons and grandsons also worked in the mines. 59-71. Shows the weekly wages of various occupations in Swiss farming as well as the daily wages of day laborers. It was a dreadful experience Booker T. Washington never forgot. Since money wage rates of foreign countries have little meaning for economists in America, only the real wage rates are given.", Shows the average hourly and weekly wages of various occupations for both skilled and unskilled laborers. by SEX The carpenters, mechanics, mule skinners, and other mine employees, who enjoyed no such latitude, were known by pit-face miners as company men. By contrast, the pit-face miners saw themselves as autonomous workmen who labored for themselves as well as for the company. Source: BLS, Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. Source: BLS Bulletin no. Includes breakouts by state, source of income, and more. Source: "Income of Lawyers, 1929-1948" in the August 1949 issue of. Tables are broken down by type of job, gender of employee, and geography. This source lists actual salaries paid to administrators in various lines of business. Sporting goods: A trapper like Frank had to pay close attention to his duties, opening and closing the doors regularly to keep the air moving and to allow coal cars to pass back and forth. Source: BLS, Shows the average price of foodstuffs and other common goods in the federal district of Mexico. Frank Keeney wanted to be a first-class tonnage man because he needed to support his widowed mother and two sisters, along with his new wife, a fair teenager named Bessie Meadows, an Eskdale girl who wanted to become a schoolteacher. Aboveground, many miners suffered at the hands of the company men who short-weighed tonnage a man had loaded or docked his pay because slate was found mixed in with the coal. Iowa farm houses averaged around 8 rooms and had an average value of $3,043. Source: 1930 Census of Agriculture. 408, Shows the wages of a variety of occupations in the capital of Argentina. Retreat mining was a risky business, but at least the miners engineered these cave-ins. Source: AAUP report. Shows family expenditures by category. Source: BLS Bulletins. Source: BLS, Shows the daily wages for various occupations in Tokyo. Shows the average daily wages of workers in various industries in Riga as well as other parts of Latvia. In some cases, when a shot backfired out of the hole, it ignited coal dust or gas in the miners room and sent fire bursting into the main tunnel, where it could burn or suffocate the mules and their drivers passing through. Wages are shown in French francs. Source: Extensive article provides wage detail by occupation and city. Wages are shown in Austrian kronen. Shows average value per acre for all real estate with buildings, and the value of land alone, by county, for six states: MA, CT, RI , ME, VT and NH. Before the 1930s, many boys worked in mines. Wages of certain women in the District of Columbia. Typewriters, school supplies, office supplies, fountain pens, more fountain pens, books, drawing sets, home office furniture. In 1974, the Environmental Protection Agency commissioned photojournalist Jack Corn to document the plight of the American coal miner in Appalachia. From. Shows average wages (with and without board) by province. This booklet shows prices for hotels and amenities such astelephone, restaurant meals,haircuts, bath house, etc. Shows the average weekly and hourly wages of different occupations in the Missouri shoe industry between 1913-1922. Hourly Rate. He later recalled his terror at being lost in a maze of underground rooms when his lamp went out. When a miner and his helper approached the entry to their room, danger lurked in almost every move they made. Shows breakouts for automobile manufacture, cigar making, boots/shoe making, men's clothing, iron/steel and more. Shows average public employee pay for each state. Use the following hyperlinks to see values for AL, AZ, AR, CA, CO, CT, DE, FL, GA, ID, IL, IN IA, KS, KY, LA, ME, MD, MA, MI, MN, MS, MO, MT, NE, NV, NH, NJ, NM, NY, NC, ND, OH, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VT, VA, WA, WV, WI, WY. The average hourly pay for a Coal Mine Worker is $21.49. Report published in 1927 includes extensive wage data for women in Tennessee by race, industry, education, and more, circa 1925. In 1907, West Virginia appointed John Nugent as superintendent of immigration. See quartile, "Women in Alabama industries: a study of hours, wages and working conditions," Women's Bureau Bulletin #34 (. The strongest, most efficient men earned the most money at the end of the day. Source: Shows the average hourly wage of a variety of jobs both in and outside of Paris. Wages are shown in Japanese yen. Includes a table showing. Prices are shown in Latvian rubles. Shows mining wages in Alabama, Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Utah, Washington, West Virginia, and Wyoming. Managers concentrated on business decisions, such as arranging transportation and selling their product. Believed to be the worst coal mine disaster ever, an explosion at the Bnxh mine in Liaoning province killed 1,549 people in 1942. Other enslaved African Americans escaped from the salt works to Ohio, a free state only 60 miles away. Under these terms, a hard worker could earn $2.00 for ten to twelve hours of labor, if the work was steady. As the men removed one pillar after another, the wooden posts used to support the mine top would be strained as the roof started getting heavy. The wood would then creak and groan and then splinter as the miners heard the roof working above their heads and planned their retreat accordingly. Source: This table provides average yearly wages per industry or trade type, including transportation, education and agriculture, among others. The struggle between workers and managers in the workplace played out vividly in the Pennsylvania coal mines. Tools and hardware: Using a thin iron needle about the thickness of a pencil, he shoved a cartridge of black powder into the hole and pushed a little clay into the hole with a damper; then he carefullywithdrew the needle and inserted a wick of waxed paper, a squib, that would burn down to the black powder. Details the price of various building materials on pp. Tells cost of public transportation and railway fares as well.
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